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At the apex of the stem of Palmer's amaranth is a panicle up to 18" long covered with tiny green flowers that are wind-pollinated. Flowers have 4-5 petals. Individual plants produce either staminate (male) or pistillate (female flowers) but not both; perfect flowers are unknown.

Amaranthus

Amaranthus palmeri

Palmer's amaranth [Blooms: Aug–?]

The tip of the stem of redroot amaranth produces a panicle of greenish-white flowers; smaller panicles of flowers also arise from the axils of the leaves in the upper half of the plant. Both male (staminate) and female (pistillate) flowers appear in the same inflorescence; perfect flowers are absent. Individual flowers lack petals but have 5 white tepals that are about 3 mm long and one or more small (3-6 mm) green, bracts under the flower whose midrib extends to form a spine; male flowers also have 3-5 yellow stamens, while female flowers also have an ovary with a 3-parted style on the top of the ovary.

Amaranthus

Amaranthus retroflexus

redroot amaranth [Blooms: Aug-Oct]